As an interdisciplinary scholar of early American, British, and European literatures and history, Prof. Johnson researches material print culture in a transnational and global historical frame. Prior to joining the University of Hong Kong, he was an Associate Professor of Early American Literature at Swarthmore College, Pennsylvania. He was a Fulbright Visiting Associate Professor in American Studies at The University of Hong Kong for the 2008‐2009 academic year. After joining HKU he served as the Director the American Studies Programme (2010-2014) and the Head of the School of Modern Languages and cultures (2011-2017). His most recent single‐authored book is The New Middle Kingdom: China and the Early American Romance of Free Trade (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017). Other publications include Henry James and the Visual (Cambridge University Press, 2007; 2011), Narratives of Free Trade in Early US-China Relations (Hong Kong University Press, 2010; contributing editor), the Critical Companion to Henry James (FactsOnFile 2009, with Eric L. Haralson) and several essays on Native American literature, among them "Imagining Self and Community in Native American Autobiography" in *The Columbia Guide to American Indian Literatures of the United States Since 1945* (Columbia University Press 2006; edited by Eric Cheyfitz). His articles have appeared in Modern Fiction Studies, American Literary History (ALH), American Literature, American Quarterly, and elsewhere.
2018-Present | School Head, School of English (July 2022-Present) Professor, American Literature School of English, University of Hong Kong Teaching and research areas include: American literature and cultual studies, colonial through early-twentieth centuries; American Studies, Native American literatures; race studies; law and U.S. literature; anthropology and literature; visual aesthetics; postcolonial theory; urban studies; history of the novel; transnational dimensions of the China Trade; US contexts of Orientalism | |
2017-2018 | Professor, American Studies School of Modern Languages and Cultures, University of Hong Kong | |
2010-2017 | School Head, School of Modern Languages and Cultures (SMLC) (March 2011-December 2017) Associate Professor (tenured 2012) Director, American Studies Programme (August 2010-March 2014), University of Hong Kong | |
2005-2014 | Visiting Scholar, Department of English, University of Pennsylvania | |
2008-2009 | Visiting Associate Fulbright Professor, American Studies Programme, University of Hong Kong | |
2007-2012 | Associate Professor (tenured), Department of English, Swarthmore College | |
2001-2007 | Assistant Professor, Department of English, Swarthmore College | |
2000 | Lecturer, Department of English, University of Pennsylvania | |
The emergence of America’s diplomatic relationship with China, the quest to spread the Christian gospel amid the clamor for free trade, and the promise of commerce across a landscape that traversed the Far East is the subject of Johnson’s riveting book. The narratives Johnson (Univ. of Hong Kong) explores offer an unprecedented look into the nature of a romance that captures, as he observes, “the interwoven strands of national anxiety, commercial optimism and diplomatic imperialism” that materialized at a pivotal moment after the Revolutionary War. Through key political publications, such as Harper’s Weekly, and other sites of inquiry, readers learn of critical figures who espoused the romance of free trade, discovery, and attempts to export cultural institutions in definitive ways. In doing so, Johnson chronicles a fascinating account of how the nation forged a new alliance with China in a triumphalist era to reposition the US as the world’s new Middle Kingdom. Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty. (Dr. N. Sackeyfio)
-CHOICE (Association of College and Research Libraries)
The New Middle Kingdom is at its core an account of those who shaped the US’ early relationship with China. By examining these figures through their own works and their national context, Johnson crafts a remarkable argument about the intricacies of both the China trade, and, more challengingly, the roots of American empire to be found there. As a work of deep archival research, the book will be valuable to scholars of the US’ first century, particularly for those working at the intersections of literature and commerce. The book also performs a useful service for those working on imperialism in East Asia through its meticulously documented accounts of how empire actually functioned. Finally, and perhaps most unexpectedly, Johnson’s work will be of great interest to scholars of the Qing dynasty because of its lucid presentation of early American engagement with China, which offers a springboard for new research into an often-glossed period of Chinese history. (Dr. Daniel M. Dooghan)
-American Literary History
In this stunningly refreshing literary study of American perceptions of China during the antebellum period, Kendall Johnson has delivered an indispensable critique, which will appeal widely to both historians and scholars of American studies. (Dr. Pang Yang Huei)
-The History Teacher (Society for History Education)
Likewise, in exploring, in so much depth and so persuasively, the “romance of free trade,” Johnson has prepared the way for further explorations of how different approaches to American political economy intersected with US-China relations, as well as provided a basis for interrogating why—and how—there could have been such ideological and narrative continuity amid such significant change in this complex relationship. (Dr. Dael Norwood)
-Humanities and Social Sciences Online (HNet)
Includes my chapter: “Residing in ‘South-Eastern Asia’ of the Antebellum United States: Reverend David Abeel and the World Geography of American Print Evangelism and Commerce”: 62-90.
Narratives of Free Trade joins a growing literature concerned with unraveling how Americans’ engagement with China and Chinese engagement with Americans shaped each nation, and in turn how these encounters shaped the modern global system. By mobilizing new and old forms of analysis in service of this project, and by putting scholars of the United States and China into conversation, the book opens up new vistas for exploration and expands a field that we can expect will continue to grow for some years to come. (Dr. Dael Norwood)
-Humanities and Social Sciences Online (HNet)
Overall, by focusing on individuals’ experiences and reflections, this book encourages readers to revisit the unfolding history of US–China relations from those earliest commercial encounters. The biggest takeaway is a rather diversified perspective, from which we are able to better understand the complexity of US–China relations, both in the past and the present. (Dr. Lei Yu)
-Asian Studies Review
From the opening sentence of the book... [Johnson] makes a convincing case for the resonance that he identifies between the visual languages of these pictures and James's own visual language. (Professor Susan Griffin)
-New England Quarterly
Henry James and the Visual is well worth reading for anyone interested in understanding the powerful representational effect and meaning of the picturesque during the nineteenth century and, especially, for learning how that mode was used and complicated by Henry James. (Professor Greg Zacharias, Center for Henry James Studies)
-American Studies
The book has two great strengths. The first is that the entries are readable and engaging. The second is the inclusion of a critical analysis for every work in part 2 and a list of references for all entries in parts 2 and 3. Authors Haralson (Stony Brook University) and Johnson (Swarthmore College) provide this level of information with the assistance of more than 60 contributors. Although no comprehensive list of contributors is provided, each entry lists the contributor’s name and credentials. This book is an excellent resource for school, public, and academic libraries. (Cynthia Crosser)
-BOOKLIST (American Library Association)
“China-US Trade: 1970-present,” Routledge Encyclopedia of Chinese Studies. Edited by Chris Shei and Christine Tsui. Digital platform of Taylor and Francis / Routledge; forthcoming 2024.
“Economics and Business: China-US Trade: pre-1949,” Routledge Encyclopedia of Chinese Studies. Edited by Chris Shei and Christine Tsui. Digital platform of Taylor and Francis / Routledge; accepted and forthcoming 2025.
“The China Trade and Transformations in Early U.S. Political Economy.” Review of Trading Freedom: How Trade with China Defined Early America (2022) by Dael A. Norwood. Diplomatic History (Oxford UP) 47.4 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1093/dh/dhad032
“The Last Puritan in Shanghai: The Faded Romance of China Trade Finance and the Queerly Transnational Melancholy of Emily Hahn’ Wartime Opium Smoking.” The Oxford Handbook of Twentieth-Century American Literature. Edited by Leslie Bow and Russ Castronovo. Oxford University Press, 2022: 209-245.
“Extraterritorial Publication and American Missionary Authority about the Opium War: Contesting the Eloquence and Reciprocity of John Quincy Adams’s ‘Lecture on the War with China.” Literature and History, 29.1 (May 2020): 1-23.
“Once Upon a Time in 1784: American Mercantile Biographies and the Romance of Free Trade Imperialism.” China and Global Modernity, 1784-1919. Edited by William Christie and Q. S. Tong. Sydney University Press, 2020: 109-145.
“Revising Escape: Frederick Douglass’s Civic Promise of Free Trade and Amitav Ghosh’s Global Geography of Commerce.” In Rethinking America’s Past: Voices from the Kinsey African American Art and History Collection. Edited by Tim Gruenewald. University of Cincinnati Press, 2019: 67-119.
"The Sacred Fonts and Racial Frames of the American Mission Press: Mongolian Type, Chinese Exclusion, and the Transnational Figuration of Savagery," American Quarterly 71.1 (March 2019):1-28; Beyond the Page coda.
"Caleb Cushing and the Corporate Romance of Free Trade Imperialism in Washington Irving’s Astoria (1836)," Literature Compass, 14.9 (September 2017): 1-11.
"Captivity Narratives." In Oxford Bibliographies in American Literature. Eds. Jackson Bryer, Richard Kopley, and Paul Lauter. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. (DOI: 10.1093/OBO/9780199827251-0115).
"Henry James and the China Trade," Modern Fiction Studies 60.4 (Winter 2014): 677-710.
"Reading for Contexts of American Orientalism from the Far East to the Far West," American Literary History (ALH) 25.3 (Fall 2013): 638-659.
"Revising First Impressions: American Stereotypes of China and the National Romance of Free Trade" and
"The Speculative Romance of Early Sino-American Commerce in The Journals of Major Samuel Shaw, the First American Consul at Canton (1847)." In Narratives of Free Trade: The Commercial Cultures of Early US-China Relations , 2012.
"The Place of Macao In American Literary Studies." In Introduction to Macaology. Edited by Hao Yufan, Wu Zhiliang, and Lin Guangzhi. Beijing: Shehui Kexue Wenxian Chubanshe, 2012: 289-312.
Review of Henry James's Narrative Technique: Consciousness, Perception and Cognition (2010) by Kristin Boudreau, and The Illustration of the Master: Henry James and the Magazine Revolution (2010) by Amy Tucker. In American Literature 84.1 (March 2012): 196-198.
"Henry James, 1843-1916: A Brief Biography." In A Historical Guide to Henry James. Edited by John Carlos Rowe and Eric Haralson. Oxford University Press, 2012: 14-52.
Review of Red Land, Red Power: Grounding Knowledge in the American Indian Novel (2008) by Sean Kicummah Teuton, and Seeing Red: Anger, Sentimentality, and American Indians (2008) by Cari M. Carpenter. In American Literature 82.2 (June 2010): 439-441.
"Visual Culture." In Henry James in Context. Edited by David McWhirter. Cambridge University Press, 2010. p. 364-377.
"Peace, Friendship, and Financial Panic: Reading the Mark of Black Hawk in Life of Ma-Ka-Tai-Me-She-Kia-Kiak." American Literary History. 19.4 (Winter 2007): 771-99.
"Book review of Oz Frankel, States of Inquiry: Social Investigations and Print Culture in Nineteenth-Century Britain and the United States, Nineteenth-Century Contexts. 30.3 (September 2008): pp. 285-87.
Reviews of The Expediency of Culture: Uses of Culture in the Global Era by George Yúdice and Individuality Incorporated:Indians and the Multicultural Modern by Joel Pfister. American Literature. 77.3 (Summer 2005).
"Rising from the stain on a painter's palette: George Catlin's Picturesque and the Legibility of Indian Removal." Nineteenth Century Prose. 29.2 (Fall 2002): 69-93.
"The Dark Spot in the Picturesque: The Aesthetics of Polygenism and Henry James's 'A Landscape Painter.'" American Literature. 74. 1 (Spring 2002): 59-87.
"The Scarlet Feather: Racial Phantasmagoria in What Maisie Knew." The Henry James Review. 22.2 (Spring 2001): 128-146.
"Melville and the Post-Colonial Quandary," Review of The Sign of the Cannibal: Melville and the Making of a Post-Colonial Reader by Geoffrey Sanborn. American Literature. 72.2 (June 2000): 423.
Critical essays on Henry James, Thomas Mann, Virginia Woolf, Ralph Ellison, and Yukio Mishima for Short Stories for Students, a series by Gale Research Co.: Detroit, 2000.
"Haunting Transcendence: The Strategy of Ghosts in Breton and Bataille." Twentieth-Century Literature. 45.3 (Fall 1999): 347-370.
“American Modernism and Emily Hahn’s Trans-imperial Chronotopes of Opium Smoking: The Candid Comment (1938-1939) from Wartime Shanghai.” Modernism between Past and Future. Modernist Studies in Asia (MSIA). University of Hong, 1 June 2024.
“America’s Insular Projections: Timothy Mo’s Macau and US Legacies of Periodical Print Culture.” Blurred Boundaries: Islands, Ports, and Borders in Global History and Literature. University of Macao, English & History, 26-28 August 2023.
“American Iconography of Macedonian Calls: Leung A-Fa’s Conversion to Print Evangelism and the Imperial Crosscurrents of the Canton Mission Press,” School of English Lecture Series, HKU, 29 September 2022.
100th Anniversary of James Joyce’s Ulysses, Panelist
Invitation from the Consulate General of Ireland, Asia Society of Hong Kong, 17 June 2022
Bloomsday and James Joyce’s Ulysses, Panelist
Invitation from the Consulate General of Ireland, Foreign Correspondents’ Club (HK), 16 June 2022.
“Framing the Syrian Monument of Xi’an in The Chinese Repository (1832-1851): American Beatitudes of Commercial Christendom, from the Foundation to Destruction of the Canton Mission Press,” Research Society Victorian Periodicals (RSVP) Digital Salon: Race & Transimperialism Workshop, 17 December 2021.
“The Free-Trade Print Crusade of Philadelphia’s William W. Wood and the Corporate Character of Inter-imperial Finance from Canton to Bengal,” Exodus and Exile: Migrants, Refugees, Asylum Seekers and the Problem of Slavery in the Pacific and Atlantic Worlds, 1750-1850, University of Chicago / University of Hong Kong, 9-11 December 2021.
“The Diplomacy of Regime Change: W.A. P. Martin’s Accounts of the Taiping Rebellion During the Opium Wars,” Opium Wars—Opium Cultures, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Bielefeld, Germany, 23-24 June 2021.
“Citing the Peking Gazette during the Opium Wars: Chinese Law and the Shifting Premises of Free Press Evangelism, from Elijah Bridgman to W.A.P. Martin,” China in the World, American Comparative Literature Association (ACLA), 8-10 April 2021.
“Translating the Declaration of Independence,” Presenter Carol Mang, Mind Matters, RTHK Radio 3 (3 December 2023).
“Legal Significance of Over-ruling Roe v. Wade (1973)” RTHK Radio 3
Interviewed by Jim Gould and Mike Rowse on BackChat (28 June 2022)
“Leaked Supreme Court Decision Over-ruling Roe v. Wade (1973)” RTHK Radio 3
Interviewed by Andrew Work on BackChat (6 May 2022)
Panelist for discussion of Disney release of Hamilton (with the original Broadway cast)
US Consulate podcast (30 November 2020)
“Episode 6: Making a Good First Impression”
Consulation Prize: A Podcast about Consuls from the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media
Interviewed by Abby Mullen (15 December 2020)
“US Midterm Elections,” RTHK Radio 3
Interviewed by Hugh Chiverton and Jenny Lam (7 November 2018)
AMER1050:
American Studies: Foundations I, the Origins of a Nation
AMER2030:
American Studies: Foundations I, the Origins of a Nation
AMER3005:
Captive Audiences: Narratives of Captivity and the Imagining of America
AMER2022:
What's On TV?: Class, Gender and Race in the History of American Television
ENGL1036:
Meaning and Metaphor
ENGL3041a:
Literary Influences in Global Contexts of American Literature (Senior Colloquium)
Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) Group, Hong Kong University Grants Council (UGC)
8-member Advisory Group for 2026 RAE (March 2023 to mid-2027)
Head of the School of English (2022-present)
Member of the Faculty Executive Resource Committee (2022-Present)
Faculty of Arts Promotion and Tenure Panel (2019 - 2022)
Panel Member, Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong, Arts and Humanities sub-panel (Humanities and Social Sciences Panel) (2018-2024)
Head, School of Modern Languages and Cultures, (March 2011-December 2017), University of Hong Kong
Cost Centre Coordinator of the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) (2014)
Cost Centre 67: Area Studies, University of Hong Kong
Coordinator of American Studies, (2010-2014; Acting coordinator: July 2017-Dec. 2017), University of Hong Kong
Faculty Research Committee, (2011-2016), University of Hong Kong
Member of the Dean’s Faculty Executive Committee (2010-2017), University of Hong Kong
Dean’s Advisory Committee for Student Exchange (2010- present), University of Hong Kong
Judge to determine Short List for the Man Asian Literary Prize (MALP), 2010-11, 2011-12.
National Peer Review Committee for Fulbright Faculty Grant, East Asia
(China, Hong Kong, Mongolia, Taiwan; 2009-2010)
2019-present | Fellow, Hong Kong Academy of the Humanities (HKAH) | |
2020-21 | General Research Funding (GRF), Research Grants Council (RGC), Hong Kong Shades of Chinese Extraterritoriality in Nineteenth-Century American Diplomacy and Literatures | |
2019-21 | Humanities and Social Sciences Prestigious Fellowship Scheme (HSSPFS), Research Grants Council (RGC), Hong Kong The Extraterritorial Print Adventures of Early American Missions to China: The Cultural Origin and Diplomatic Legacies of American Evangelism during the Opium Wars | |
2012-15 | General Research Funding (GRF), Research Grants Council (RGC), Hong Kong The First American Missionaries to China and Their Faith in the Printing Press | |
2008-09 | Fulbright Scholar, American Studies Programme, University of Hong Kong | |
2004-05 | James A. Michener Research Fellowship, Swarthmore College | |
2005 | National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Summer Seminar: British and Indigenous Cultural Encounters in Native North America: 1580-1785, John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, directed by Scott Manning Stevens (SUNY, Buffalo) | |
1999 | Ph.D., Department of English, University of Pennsylvania | |
1999 | Graduate Certificate in Urban Studies, University of Pennsylvania | |
1995 | M. A. Department of English, University of Pennsylvania | |
1991 | B. A. English, University of Michigan, Honors Program in English | |
Modern Language Association (MLA); American Studies Association (ASA); Faculty Working Group in American Studies (Tri-College); Americanist Reading Group (University of Pennsylvania); Delaware Area Working Group in American Literature (University of Delaware)
Focus: HOPE, Detroit, Michigan, (1991-1993)
Served as the Assistant to the Associate Director for major civil rights organization. Facilitated lobbying efforts of Congress, and of the Defense, Commerce, and Agricultural Departments for multi-million dollar educational programs. Knowledge in state, federal and foundation protocol regarding major grant applications for non-profit organizations and educational initiatives